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乳状液 1

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厌氧消化，生物固体，污染，甲基苯丙胺，吸附 1

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岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床；岩浆源区；地壳混染；微量元素；岩石系列；三维地质建模；喀拉通克；金川 1

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Spatial prediction of soil contamination based on machine learning: a review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1693-1

摘要：

● A review of machine learning (ML) for spatial prediction of soil contamination.

关键词： Soil contamination     Machine learning     Prediction     Spatial distribution    

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Strategies to manage the risk of heavy metal(loid) contamination in agricultural soils

Fang-Jie ZHAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第3期   页码 333-338 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020335

摘要：

Soil contamination with heavy metal(loid)s threatens soil ecological functions, water quality and food safety; the latter is the focus of this review. Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) are the toxic elements of most concern for food safety because they are relatively easily taken up by food crops. Rice is a major contributor of both Cd and As intakes to the Chinese population. Contamination and soil acidification are the main causes of high Cd levels in rice grains produced in some areas of southern China. The risk of Cd and As accumulation in food crops can be mitigated through agronomic practices and crop breeding. Liming is effective and economical at reducing Cd uptake by rice in acid soils. Paddy water management can produce opposite effects on Cd and As accumulation. Many genes controlling Cd and As uptake and translocation have been characterized, paving the way to breeding low accumulating crop cultivars through marker-assisted molecular breeding or genetic engineering. It is important to protect agricultural soils from future contamination. Long-term monitoring of anthropogenic additions and accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in agricultural soils should be undertaken. Mass-balance models should be constructed to evaluate future trends of metal(loid)s in agricultural soils at a regional scale.

关键词： arsenic     cadmium     food safety     heavy metals     soil contamination    

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Nitrobenzene contamination of groundwater in a petrochemical industry site

Yongsheng Zhao, Lin Lin, Mei Hong

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1107-6

摘要：

The contaminant transport distance is predicted using numerical model.

Zero-valent iron can be used to effectively transform nitrobenzene to aniline.

Experiment shows that two-layer PRB systems have a very good treatment effect.

关键词： Nitrobenzene     Benzene     Groundwater     Zero-valent iron     Permeable reactive barrier    

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Evaluating heavy metal contamination of riverine sediment cores in different land-use areas

Wenzhong Tang, Liu Sun, Limin Shu, Chuang Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1283-4

摘要： Abstract • Metal pollution was studied in riverine sediments from different land-use areas. • Cd was the most serious heavy metal contaminant in riverine sediment cores. • Riverine sediment cores from industrial area were most polluted by heavy metals. • B1 fraction determined metal pollution, risk and toxicity in riverine sediments. Anthropogenic activities are regarded as the main sources of heavy metal pollution, yet few studies have investigated the effects of land-use setting on heavy metal accumulation in riverine sediments. Based on both total contents and geochemical fractions, heavy metal pollution, risk and toxicity were determined in riverine sediment cores from different land-use areas (mountain area- MA, farm area- FA, city area- CA, and industrial area- IA) of the Yang River Basin in North China. The results showed that FA had higher contents of riverine sedimentary Cu; CA had higher contents of Cd; IA had higher contents of both Cd and Zn. Most riverine sediments from FA and IA were contaminated with the investigated metals, although these concentrations were evaluated to have low potential ecological risk and no toxicity to benthic organisms. However, a high proportion of Cd in the B1 fraction of riverine sediments in IA indicating high risk should receive more attention. The B1 fraction largely determined the contamination, risk and toxicity levels associated with heavy metals in the riverine sediments of the Yang River Basin.

关键词： Heavy metals     Riverine sediments     Pollution     Land-use    

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E-waste environmental contamination and harm to public health in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 220-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0391-1

摘要：

The adverse effects of electronic waste (e-waste) on the human body have stirred up concern in recent years. China is one of the countries that confront serious pollution and human exposure of e-waste, and the majority of the population is exposed to potentially hazardous substances that are derived from informal e-waste recycling processes. This study reviews recent reports on human exposure to e-waste in China, with particular focus on exposure routes (e.g., inhalation and ingestion) and several toxicities of human (e.g., endocrine system, respiratory system, reproductive system, developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, and genetic toxicity). Pieces of evidence that associate e-waste exposure with human health effects in China are assessed. The role of toxic heavy metals (e.g., lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, and nickel) and organic pollutants (e.g., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs), bisphenol A (BPA)) on human health is also briefly discussed.

关键词： e-waste     heavy metal     organic pollutant     hazardous     toxicity     human health     China    

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Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion

Kunlun XIN, Tao TAO, Yong WANG, Suiqing LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第6期   页码 839-848 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0409-8

摘要： In this paper, it proposed an index system for hazard and vulnerability evaluations of water distribution networks, based on the simulation of contamination events caused by pollutant injections at different junctions. It attempted to answer the following two questions in the case of contamination events: 1) Which are the most hazardous junctions? 2) Which are the most vulnerable junctions? With EPANET toolkit, it simulated the propagation of the contaminant, and calculated the peak concentration of the contaminant and mass delivered at different nodes. According to types of consumers, different weights were assigned to the consumer nodes for assessing the influence of the contaminant on the consumers. Using the method proposed herein, both the hazard index and vulnerability index were calculated for each node in the pipe network. The presented method was therefore applied to the water network of the city of Zhenjiang, which contains two water plants, two booster pump stations with storage tanks. In conclusion, the response time, the relationships between the peak concentration of contaminant and the total absorption are the most important factors in hazard and vulnerability evaluation of the water distribution network.

关键词： water distribution network     hazard     vulnerability     contaminant accident    

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Strain and process engineering toward continuous industrial fermentation

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1336-1353 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2284-6

摘要： Most current biotechnology industries are based on batch or fed-batch fermentation processes, which often show low productivity and high production costs compared to chemical processes. To increase the economic competitiveness of biological processes, continuous fermentation technologies are being developed that offer significant advantages in comparison with batch/fed-batch fermentation processes, including: (1) removal of potential substrates and product inhibition, (2) prolonging the microbial exponential growth phase and enhancing productivity, and (3) avoiding repeated fermentation preparation and lowering operation and installation costs. However, several key challenges should be addressed for the industrial application of continuous fermentation processes, including (1) contamination of the fermentation system, (2) degeneration of strains, and (3) relatively low product titer. In this study, we reviewed and discussed metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies to address these issues.

关键词： continuous fermentation     productivity     contamination     strain degeneration     metabolic engineering    

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Analysis and assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface water and sediments: a case study from

Zhaoming WANG,Ranhao SUN,Haiping ZHANG,Liding CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 240-249 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0646-0

摘要： Concentrations of the heavy metals Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cr were examined in surface water and sediment from the Luan River inChina,. With a decline in Cu and Ni concentration found in surface water at downstream stations. This finding suggests that water currents are a major explanatory factor in heavy metal contamination. The abundance of Cr, Pb, and Cd observed in the middle reaches of the river indicates heavy metal contamination in local areas, although there was an obvious decrease in concentrations in the water downstream of the Daheiting Reservoir. The significant rising trend in Cu, Pb, and Ni seen the sediment farther away from the river also suggests that anthropogenic activities contribute to heavy metal pollution Sediments were therefore used as environmental indicators, with sediment assessment was conducted using the geo-accumulation index ( ) and the potential ecological risk index ( ). The values revealed that Cd (3.13) and Cr (2.39) had accumulated significantly in the Luan River. The values for most (89%) of the sampling stations were higher than 300, suggesting that sediment from the Luan River poses a severe ecological risk, with the potential ecological risks downstream higher than that in the upper and middle streams. Good correlations among Pb/Ni, Pb/Cd, Cu/Pb, and Cu/Cd in the water and Cr/Ni in the sediment were observed. Cluster analysis suggested that Cd may have various origins, being derived from anthropogenic sources.

关键词： heavy metal     water     sediment     geo-accumulation index     Luan River    

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Comprehensive evaluation of heavy metal contamination of sediment in Lake Dianchi by using modified AHP

ZHANG Yan, GAO Xiang, ZHONG Zhenyu, PENG Buzhuo, DENG Xihai

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 370-379 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0054-4

摘要： Through the use of general sampling and measurement by Cs dating, problems regarding the absence of monitoring data can easily be resolved. Further, weighted values need to be determined while Environment Quality Comprehensive Index (EQCI) is commonly used as applied in environmental quality comprehensive evaluation. In order to overcome the subjectivity in determining weights, the modified Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was designed. The modified AHP method involved the following key procedures: First, the parameters and were calculated based on the monitoring data; second, the factors were put in order according to the symbol and value of and ; third, the continuous odd integers, which represented the importance of factors, were given to factors according to their seating order; and, fourth, the factor weights were determined from the pair-wise comparison matrix calculated by the ratio of the given odd integers. Therefore, the weights were completely based on the monitoring data. In the present study, the comprehensive quality of sediments in five sections of Lake Dianchi were evaluated and the results indicated that the current contamination of sediments in each lake section is much more serious than at any other time in history.

关键词： Dianchi     Analytical Hierarchy     monitoring     modified Analytical     importance    

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抗多种污染的仿海藻全亲水自漂浮太阳能光热蒸发器 Article

文驰宇, 郭洪爽, 朱迎男, 白浩宇, 赵维强, 王新生, 杨静, 曹墨源, 张雷

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第20卷 第1期   页码 153-161 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.06.029

摘要：

强亲水材料可以在太阳能驱动的海水蒸馏中实现快速的液态水运输和盐结晶溶解。然而，强亲水材料在水中饱和吸水，通常具有与水相近甚至大于水的密度，无法独立自漂浮，从而难以将热量集中在空气/水界面进行界面蒸馏。自然界中，具有内部微气泡的海藻可以漂浮在水面以保证吸收太阳能，从而进行光合作用。受此启发，本研究开发了一种全亲水自漂浮（SIFS）的太阳能光热蒸发器。蒸发器中密集填充的空心玻璃微球赋予蒸发器独立自漂浮和隔热的性能，不需要额外提供浮力支撑，能将热量集中在空气/水界面。两性离子磺基甜菜碱凝胶作为黏合剂和涂层，使蒸发器具有全亲水性质，从而保证持续的水运输，溶解潜在的盐结晶，克服油污染、微生物腐蚀和蛋白质吸附。凭借其独特的全亲水自漂浮性质和优异的抗污性能，该蒸发器有望为新型功能材料的设计和解决复杂环境下光热海水蒸馏的实际问题提供新的思路。

关键词： 超亲水     仿生     自漂浮     抗污     太阳能蒸发器    

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A fast antibiotic detection method for simplified pretreatment through spectra-based machine learning

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1472-9

摘要：

• A spectral machine learning approach is proposed for predicting mixed antibiotic.

关键词： Antibiotic contamination     Spectral detection     Machine learning    

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Reaction mechanism of arsenic capture by a calcium-based sorbent during the combustion of arsenic-contaminated biomass: A pilot-scale experience

Mei Lei, Ziping Dong, Ying Jiang, Philip Longhurst, Xiaoming Wan, Guangdong Zhou

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1110-y

摘要：

Pilot-scale combustion is required to treat arsenic-enriched biomass in China.

CaO addition to arsenic-enriched biomass reduces arsenic emission.

CaO captures arsenic via chemical adsorption to form Ca3(AsO4)2.

关键词： Arsenic contamination     Phytoremediation     Emission control     Calcium-based sorbent     Biomass disposal     Pilot-scale combustion    

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Effective remediation of organic-metal co-contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic-bioremediation process

Fu Chen, Qi Zhang, Jing Ma, Qianlin Zhu, Yifei Wang, Huagen Liang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1401-y

摘要： Abstract • A new EK-BIO technology was developed to decontaminate e-waste contaminated soil. • Adding sodium citrate in electrolyte was a good choice for decontaminating the soil. • The system has good performance with low cost. This work investigates the influence of electrokinetic-bioremediation (EK-BIO) on remediating soil polluted by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals (mainly Cu, Pb and Ni), originated from electronic waste recycling activity. The results demonstrate that most of POPs and metals were removed from the soil. More than 60% of metals and 90% of POPs in the soil were removed after a 30-day EK-BIO remediation assisted by citrate. A citrate sodium concentration of 0.02 g/L was deemed to be suitable because higher citrate did not significantly improve treatment performance whereas increasing dosage consumption. Citrate increased soil electrical current and electroosmotic flow. After remediation, metal residues mainly existed in stable and low-toxic states, which could effectively lower the potential hazard of toxic metals to the surrounding environment and organisms. EK-BIO treatment influenced soil microbial counts, dehydrogenase activity and community structure.

关键词： Electrokinetic     Co-contamination     Debromination    

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Remediation of soil heavily polluted with polychlorinated biphenyls using a low-temperature plasma technique

Xiuhua LI, Haibo ZHANG, Yongming LUO, Ying TENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 277-283 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0562-8

摘要： Polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs) were removed by low-temperature plasma technique (dielectric barrier discharge) from heavily polluted soil and their intermediate products were analyzed. The removal rate ranged from 40.1 to 84.6% by different treatments, and they were also influenced significantly ( <0.01) by soil particle-size, electric power, gas flow rate and reaction time. The optimal reaction conditions of PCB removal from the soil were obtained experimentally when soil particle-size, electrical power, flow rate and reaction time were 5–10 mm, 21 w, 120 mL· min and 90 min, respectively. However, decreasing electrical power, flow rate and reaction time to 18 w, 60 mL· min and 60 min respectively were also acceptable in view of the cost of remediation. This technique was characterized by the additional advantage of thorough oxidation of PCBs in the soil, with no formation of intermediate products after reaction. The technique therefore shows some promise for application in the remediation of soils contaminated with persistent organic pollutants in brown field sites in urban areas.

关键词： polychlorinated biphenyls     low-temperature plasma     soil contamination     intermediate products    

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Improved nitrogen removal in dual-contaminated surface water by photocatalysis

Yongming ZHANG, Rong YAN, Zhen ZOU, Jiewei WANG, Bruce E. RITTMANN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 428-436 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0401-3

摘要： River waters in China have dual contamination by nutrients and recalcitrant organic compounds. In principle, the organic compounds could be used to drive denitrification of nitrate, thus arresting eutrophication potential, if the recalcitrant organics could be made bioavailable. This study investigated the potential to make the recalcitrant organics bioavailable through photocatalysis. Batch denitrification tests in a biofilm reactor demonstrated that dual-contaminated river water was short of available electron donor, which resulted in low total nitrogen (TN) removal by denitrification. However, the denitrification rate was increased significantly by adding glucose or by making the organic matters of the river water more bioavailable through photocatalysis. Photocatalysis for 15 min increased the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the river water from 53 to 84 mg·L and led to a 4-fold increase in TN removal. The increase in TN removal gave the same effect as adding 92 mg·L of glucose. During the photocatalysis experiments, the COD increased because photocatalysis transformed organic molecules from those that are resistant to dichromate oxidation in the COD test to those that can be oxidized by dichromate. This phenomenon was verified by testing photocatalysis of pyridine added to the river water. These findings point to the potential for N removal via denitrification after photocatalysis, and they also suggest that the rivers in China may be far more polluted than indicated by COD assays.

关键词： dual contamination     eutrophication     photocatalysis     remediation     surface water    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Spatial prediction of soil contamination based on machine learning: a review

期刊论文

Strategies to manage the risk of heavy metal(loid) contamination in agricultural soils

Fang-Jie ZHAO

期刊论文

Nitrobenzene contamination of groundwater in a petrochemical industry site

Yongsheng Zhao, Lin Lin, Mei Hong

期刊论文

Evaluating heavy metal contamination of riverine sediment cores in different land-use areas

Wenzhong Tang, Liu Sun, Limin Shu, Chuang Wang

期刊论文

E-waste environmental contamination and harm to public health in China

null

期刊论文

Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion

Kunlun XIN, Tao TAO, Yong WANG, Suiqing LIU

期刊论文

Strain and process engineering toward continuous industrial fermentation

期刊论文

Analysis and assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface water and sediments: a case study from

Zhaoming WANG,Ranhao SUN,Haiping ZHANG,Liding CHEN

期刊论文

Comprehensive evaluation of heavy metal contamination of sediment in Lake Dianchi by using modified AHP

ZHANG Yan, GAO Xiang, ZHONG Zhenyu, PENG Buzhuo, DENG Xihai

期刊论文

抗多种污染的仿海藻全亲水自漂浮太阳能光热蒸发器

文驰宇, 郭洪爽, 朱迎男, 白浩宇, 赵维强, 王新生, 杨静, 曹墨源, 张雷

期刊论文

A fast antibiotic detection method for simplified pretreatment through spectra-based machine learning

期刊论文

Reaction mechanism of arsenic capture by a calcium-based sorbent during the combustion of arsenic-contaminated biomass: A pilot-scale experience

Mei Lei, Ziping Dong, Ying Jiang, Philip Longhurst, Xiaoming Wan, Guangdong Zhou

期刊论文

Effective remediation of organic-metal co-contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic-bioremediation process

Fu Chen, Qi Zhang, Jing Ma, Qianlin Zhu, Yifei Wang, Huagen Liang

期刊论文

Remediation of soil heavily polluted with polychlorinated biphenyls using a low-temperature plasma technique

Xiuhua LI, Haibo ZHANG, Yongming LUO, Ying TENG

期刊论文

Improved nitrogen removal in dual-contaminated surface water by photocatalysis

Yongming ZHANG, Rong YAN, Zhen ZOU, Jiewei WANG, Bruce E. RITTMANN

期刊论文